![]() The skin will be extremely red, appear wet and/or shiny, painful to the touch, and will form blisters. Blanching of the skin will occur when it is lightly pressed. The skin will typically be red (erythema), swollen, dry, itchy, and sensitive to the touch. The following approximations can be used for adults:Īdditionally, the palm (not including the fingers or writs area) is approximately 1% of the total surface area of the body, and can be used to approximate noncontiguous burn areas. Partial or full thickness burns on more than 15% of the body require immediate professional medical attention. The “ rule of nines” is a method of approximation used to determine what percentage of the body is burned. When the epidermis and dermis are both destroyed and the burn extends down into the subcutaneous tissue, including fat, muscles and even bones, this is referred to as a full thickness burn.Īnother contributing factor to burn severity is how much of the body is affected. Damage to this layer of the skin is classified as a deep partial thickness burn, and can lead to significant scarring. The reticular region of the dermis contains not only connective tissue, but hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands, cutaneous sensory receptors, and blood vessels. Partial thickness burns that only extend down to this layer of the skin are considered superficial. This area is composed mostly of connective tissue and serves only to strengthen the connection between the epidermis and the dermis. The dermis itself is divided into two regions, the uppermost being the papillary region. When burns extend through the epidermis and into the dermis, they are considered to be partial thickness burns. This is important in that the epidermis helps regulate temperature and protects the body from infection. These burns only affect the epidermis (the outermost layer of skin), and typically the epidermis remains intact. ![]() For a comparison of the two classification systems, see the table below. For the sake of this article, burns will be described by thickness. However, a more precise classification system referring to the thickness or depth of the wound is now more commonly used. Traditionally, burns are characterized by degree, with first being least severe and third being most. Most burns only affect the uppermost layers of skin, but depending on the depth of the burn, underlying tissues can also be affected. Burns can vary in severity from mild to life-threatening. Generally speaking, a burn is an injury to the tissue of the body, typically the skin.
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